Diamond Clarity

All mined diamond consists of flaws. They might  form inside diamond known as inclusions,  and surface irregularities called blemishes .Together , they’re known as clarity characteristics. Diamond clarity is the absence of inclusion and blemishes.

Blemishes include scratches and nicks on a diamond’s surface. Inclusions are inside, or they might extend into the interior from the surface of the stone.

Clarity characteristics might have negative influence on diamond’s value, but they have positive effect as well:

. They help gemologist separate diamond from simulants, Inclusions in diamonds often have a        different appearance from inclusions in simulants.

·       ..  No two diamonds have exactly same clarity characteristics; they can help identify individuals stones.

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         .  Provides valuable information about its formation.

     

Inclusions normally have more impacts on a stone’s beauty and then blemishes. That’s because many blemishes are easy to remove. It’s possible to eradicate an inclusion that’s close to the surface, but that could cause and reduction in the diamond’s weight. Recutting and repolishing a diamond to remove a blemish, on the other hand, often increase its value. The impact of any weight loss is usually offset by the improved clarity.

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Cutlet size

Cutlet size depends upon different cuts. All fancy cuts have cutlet but standard round brilliance cut don’t have it. Main purpose of cutlet is to protect the bottom of gems against accidental chipping or abrasion. Most cutlet size are viewed visually by graders, medium size cutlet can be seen through 10x magnification but not with unaided eye.

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Crown Angle

The crown angle is the angle that’s formed where the bezel facets meet the girdle plane. Most diamonds have crown angles range between 25 and 35 degree angle. Diamond with crown angles shallower than 25 can be quite bright, but they are more susceptible to damage than stones with higher crowns.

Diamonds with shallow crowns should be set in mounting that protect the girdle area, like bezel setting, which surround the sound with a rim of precious metal. Diamonds with lower crown angle are better suited for use in jewelry where they’re less vulnerable to damage, like earrings and pendants.

It has been a challenge for a diamond cutter to cut in a shallow crown & pavilion angle in other to get largest girdle diameter and the highest possible weight retention. They also tend to have larger table percentages and thin girdles.

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Diamond Stability

Stability refers how well a diamond resists temperature change and chemicals. Diamonds are  very stable until and unless sudden, extreme temperature changes occurs. Those changes can cause thermal shock, which can create new fractures or cause existing one to spread.

Diamonds burn : 1562 degree farenheit / 850 degree Celsius

Apperance : looks white and cloudy

                                         

 A house fire caused the white, cloudy appearance of the diamond (left). The stone was recut to remove the burned area, reducing the diamond's  size but leaving no sign that it was ever damaged (right).

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Diamond Toughness

Diamond toughness is related with how well the gem can survive and impact – resist breaking, chipping, or cracking. The formation of diamond affects the physical and optical quality. Diamond form under extreme temperature and pressure, they bond to each other more tightly in some directions than they do in others.

Diamonds are tougher in the direction where atoms are tightly together, less tough - where there are not so tightly bonded. The weakest diamond is one where the atoms are far apart. It is easier to break in that direction, which is called cleavage direction. But even after cutting process, a hard blow can cleave or fracture a diamond. This can happen during setting process or even after it’s worn.

The bonding of  weak atoms in Diamond (Left) teends to cleave after recutting diamond can regain it overall beauty and value (Right).

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Diamond Hardness

The diamond hardness was developed by Friedrich Mohs in 1822 and named as Mohs scale. Mohs chose ten different minerals and assigned numbers to them, based on that with which one could be scratched by another. List of 10 different mineral are:

·         Diamond                          10

·         Corundum                          9

·         Topaz                                  8

·         Quartz                                 7

·         Orthoclase Feldspar            6

·         Apatite                                5

·         Flourite                               4

·         Calcite                                3

·         Gypsum                             

 2

·         Talc                                    1

According to Mohs scale,Quartz can only be scratch by hardness of 7 or less. Corundum ( which include rubies and sapphires ) can be scratch by hardness of 9 or less. Similarly, Diamond can only be scratch by diamond .

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Clarity Grading

Clarity grading is system based on which diamond is graded; Top being the high ranked and bottom being the low rank. Based on this price of diamond differ. Clarity grading is used to explain customer about diamond clarity.

·         Flawless: No inclusion and blemishes visible under 10x.

·         Internal Flawless : No inclusion visible under 10x

·         Very very slightly included (vvs1, vvs2): Inclusion so slightly that they are difficult for skilled grader to see under 10x magnification.

·         Very slightly included (vs1, vs2 ): Inclusion are observed with efforts under 10x magnification but characterized as minor.

·         Slightly included (SI1, SI2) : Inclusion are noticeable under 10x magnification.

·         Included (I1, I2, I3): Inclusion are obvious under 10x magnification which may affect transparency and brilliance.

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Clarity Grading Factors

Diamond occurs in nature so they have some kinds of flaws. This flaw has effect on diamond price based on its present. Therefore, five clarity grading factor has been describe below.

·         Size – Size does matter a lot while grading, bigger the size is high impact on value and smaller the size lower the impact and vice-versa.

·         Number –More no , high impact on value or vice-versa sometimes more number of tiny tins of inclusion than can also received high clarity scale and high value price.

·         Position – Position matters because it is visible more towards the centre than on the side, therefore it has high impact on value towards centre.

·         Nature (feathers) - Nature refers to the breakage/ of diamond so it has high impact on value other than remaining grading factors. It tends to make diamond less prettier.

·         Relief (Visibility) – It is related with the visibility of a diamond. Higher the dark inclusion, more impact on its value than that of colourless inclusion.

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Diamond 4c's

Diamond 4c’s is the begaining of a journey that lead us to diamond. It gives us the knowledge, confidence about the buying diamond whenever we go for shopping diamond jewellery.

·        Cut – Diamond cut refers to way diamond facets are aliened and the angle of diamond are created.

·        Clarity – It is the measurement of flaws in a diamond. Internal features, called inclusion, and surface irregularities, called blemishes. Together they’re called clarity characteristic.

·         Carat – Carat weight is the total weight of a diamond. 1ct is equal to 200milligrams.

·         Colour – Diamond colour range from D to Z. The colour of the most expensive transparent diamonds – and ending with light tints of yellow & brown.

Beside 4c’s there are other unique qualities like luster, transparency, and dispersion of light. Although we often think that diamond is clear but coloured diamond like blue, red, pink are rare and highly expensive.

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Clarity Grading Factors

Diamond occurs in nature so they have some kinds of flaws. This flaw has effect on diamond price based on its present. Therefore, five clarity grading factor has been describe below.

·         Size – Size does matter a lot while grading, bigger the size is high impact on value and smaller the size lower the impact and vice-versa.

·         Number –More no , high impact on value or vice-versa sometimes more number of tiny tins of inclusion than can also received high clarity scale and high value price.

·         Position – Position matters because it is visible more towards the centre than on the side, therefore it has high impact on value towards centre.

·         Nature (feathers) - Nature refers to the breakage/ of diamond so it has high impact on value other than remaining grading factors. It tends to make diamond less prettier.

·         Relief (Visibility) – It is related with the visibility of a diamond. Higher the dark inclusion, more impact on its value than that of colourless inclusion.

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proportion of diamond

Proportion of diamond consists of 8 different elements which effect the light performance. In an ideal cut diamond light enters and exist through a crown where as in poorly cut diamond it enters through crown and exist through pavilion, making the diamond look dark and unattractive. Diamond with good portion, consistency, and polish make better use of light, and will be bright, fire and sparkling.

The elements of diamond proportions are:

1.       Girdle Outline
2.        Table size ( Table percentage )
3.      Crown angle
4.      Girdle thickness
5.     Pavillion depth percentage
6.     Total depth percentage
7.       Cutlet size
8.       Length to width ratio

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About Me

About Me

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Effect of diamond

Fish eye effect

 If your diamond is too shallow, like depth percentage 45% then diamond will not leak light but create a weird dark ring around the pavilion that looks like fish eye.

Nail head diamond

If your diamond is too deep on the other hand, like depth percentage 73% then your diamond will look dull, dark and lifeless.

Ideal Percentage

Diamond is cut in a such a way that it maximize light and give much of fire, sparkle and brilliance possible from the stone.

                                                                

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TRUTH ABOUT DIAMOND

1. Diamond is only the gemstone composed of single element i.e. carbon.
2. 
   
3.  Diamond is the hardest substance known in the world but not the toughest substance. Hardness related to resistance to scratching and toughest relate to breakage.
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5.  Diamond are mined inside the earth crust about 150 km ( 90 miles ) – and is pushed to the surface by volcanic rock called , kimberlite , or in the sea after having been carried away by rivers when they pushed to the surface.
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7.  Even though, diamond and graphite are two allotropes of carbon: pure form of same element that differs in structure.
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9.  Diamond is allotrope of carbon atoms, arrange in specific type of cubic lattice called diamond cubic.
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11.  Diamond has high dispersion (ability to disperse light into different colors ).
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13.  Pink diamond is the rarest but the title is given the pure.

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Diamond mining to market process

This is how the diamond moves from mine to market process.For more detail look at the video mention below.

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STRUCTURE OF DIAMOND

Diamond has three parts i.e crown, pavilion & girdle. This overall effect the appearance of diamond.

Table: The largest  facet at the top.

Crown: The top part of a diamond between table and a upper girdle.

Pavillion:  The bottom part of a diamond between lower girdle and a culet.

Diameter: The width of a diamond girdle.

Crown Angle : Angle form when bezel facets meet the girdle plane

Pavillion Angle: Distance from the bottom of the girdle plane to the cutlet.

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Introduction

Diamond comes from the Greek word “adamas”, which signifies “unconquerable ““unbreakable “ “unalterable”. From ancient times, the adjective adamas are used to describe the hardest substance known to men. It eventually became synonyms for the word diamond. From ancient times to modern days diamond has fascinated people. Now the used of diamond has move from decorative items to modern jewellery.Diamond are one the natural miracle form on earth, it can never be repeated since we are alive. Diamonds are allotrope of carbon where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice.

Diamond has the highest hardness, thermal conductivity and huge material diamond has optical properties. Because of extremely fixed lattice, it can be contaminate by very few type of impurities, this result in their clarity, color, and appearance of the most diamonds. Diamond has high optical dispersion. Due to its excellent optical and mechanical property combined with effective marketing makes diamond the precious gemstone.

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