Introduction

Diamond comes from the Greek word “adamas”, which signifies “unconquerable ““unbreakable “ “unalterable”. From ancient times, the adjective adamas are used to describe the hardest substance known to men. It eventually became synonyms for the word diamond. From ancient times to modern days diamond has fascinated people. Now the used of diamond has move from decorative items to modern jewellery.Diamond are one the natural miracle form on earth, it can never be repeated since we are alive. Diamonds are allotrope of carbon where the carbon atoms are arranged in a variation of the face centered cubic crystal structure called a diamond lattice.

Diamond has the highest hardness, thermal conductivity and huge material diamond has optical properties. Because of extremely fixed lattice, it can be contaminate by very few type of impurities, this result in their clarity, color, and appearance of the most diamonds. Diamond has high optical dispersion. Due to its excellent optical and mechanical property combined with effective marketing makes diamond the precious gemstone.